S16: Warriors

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WiFi based sensor system

This is IoT based sensor system

Abstract

The most basic aspect of an IoT system is the network of devices/objects. IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure. This project is based on the same fundamental. SJOne board senses temperature, light intensity, and GPS (SIM800) module. WiFi capability is added to SJOne board using ESP8266 serial module. SJOne(client) transmits the sensor data over the network to the server. Raspberry Pi 3 acts as a server, receives the data from the client and stores it in mysql database. A php webpage takes the most recent entry from database and displays on the webpage along with map.

Objectives

1) Set up sensor hub:

  • Interface GPS module with SJOne
  • Write drivers to access the temperature and light intensity sensors on-board SJOne

2) Set up TCP Client:

  • Interface the WiFi module with SJOne board and implement a TCP client
  • Write device driver to transmit data from SJOne client to the server

3) Set up TCP Server:

  • Use Raspberry Pi 3 to work as a TCP server to receive data from client
  • Create a database to keep a record of previously acquired data

4) Set up Webserver:

  • Start the web server and host a webpage


Team Members & Responsibilities

Ankit Gandhi

--> Software Architecture, Rasberry Pi setup, ESP8266 firmware development

Bharat Khanna

--> Device driver development for SIM808/ESP8266 for ARM microcontroller, PCB designing

Sujeeth Emmadi

--> Software Architecture, Wiki Report, PHP webserver

Veena Manasa Kanakamalla

--> Wiki Report, Sensor interface, Hardware Support

Schedule

This section of the report provides the team schedule for the Assembly line project, indicating the milestones to be achieved during the course of the project.

SI No. Start Date End Date Task Status Actual Completion Date
1 03/21/2016 03/27/2016
  • System design and High level Block diagram
  • Parts and components identification and ordering
 Completed 03/27/2016
2 03/28/2016 04/03/2016
  • Design of Software Architecture(Flow diagram)
 Completed 04/03/2016
3 04/04/2016 04/10/2016
  • Device deiver development for I2C(Temperature Sensor) and UART(GPS) communication protocol
  • Testing of individual module
 Completed 04/10/2016
4 04/11/2016 04/17/2016
  • Device Driver development for ESP8266(Wi-Fi module) on ARM microcontroller
 Completed 04/20/2016
5 04/18/2016 04/24/2016
  • Socket programming on server(Raspberry Pi) to communicate between microcontroller and server.
 Completed 04/24/2016
6 04/25/2016 05/01/2016
  • Webserver development on Raspberry PI
 Completed 05/01/2016
7 05/02/2016 05/08/2016
  • Integration of all modules
Completed 05/08/2016
8 05/09/2016 05/15/2016
  • Testing and debugging
 Completed 05/20/2016
8 05/16/2016 05/22/2016
  • Report writting
 Completed 05/23/2016

Parts List & Cost

Item# Part Description Vendor Qty Cost
1 Raspberry Pi Adafruit 1 $39.95
2 ESP8266-Wifi Module Adafruit 1 $9.95
3 SIM808 GPS/GSM Module Adafruit 1 $49.95
4 Passive GPS Antenna uFL Adafruit 1 $3.95
5 USB to TTL Serial Cable Adafruit 1 $9.95

Design & Implementation

System consists of two entities. A client and a server.

System Block Diagram

Cmpe244 warriors blockdiagram.jpg

Components

SJOne Board

SJOne board


  • Powered by ARM Cortex-M3
  • On board Temperature Sensor and light sensor.
  • Many GPIOs with two SPI, Multiple UARTs, and I2C availability.
  • Power from USB or External Power.


The SJOne board offers whole lot of features out of which the temperature sensor, light intensity sensor and UART interfaces are utilized for the project.




The WiFi Module - ESP8266

ESP8266


The features of ESP8266 are:

  • 1 x Analog input (1.8V max)
  • 9 x GPIO (3.3V logic), which can also be used for I2C or SPI
  • 2 x UART pins
  • 2 x 3-12V power inputs, reset, enable, LDO-disable, 3.3V output


We have used UART for communication in our project.


SIM808 GPS Module

SIM808


SIM 808 MiniGSM + GPS, an all-in-one cellular phone module which provides location-tracking, voice, text, SMS and data facilities

  • Quad-band 850/900/1800/1900MHz
  • AT command interface with "auto baud" detection
  • 22 tracking / 66 acquisition channels
  • Sensitivity: Tracking: -165 dBm, Cold starts : -147 dBm
  • Accuracy: approx 2.5 meters




Raspberry Pi 3

Raspberry Pi


  • A 1.2GHz 64-bit quad-core ARMv8 CPU with 1 GB RAM
  • On board 802.11n Wireless LAN
  • 40 GPIO pins and many serial interfaces
  • Micro SD card slot
  • On board chip antenna for radio


The Raspberry Pi 3 is the third generation Raspberry Pi. In this project raspberry pi is used as webserver.

Hardware Interface

The hardware design includes PCB designing using cadsoft Eagle(software for PCB board designing). The circuit design of PCB includes SIM808(GSM/GPS module) and ESP826( Wi-Fi module) which is connected to ARM cortex-M3 microcontroller. Onboard sensors of SJOne board like TEMT6000X01(light sensor) and TMP102(temperature sensor) are also used to collect data. I2C, UART and TCP/IP are the three communication protocols that are being used in the project for establishing communication of temperature/light sensor, SIM808/ESP8266 & raspberry pi with ARM microcontroller respectively.

ESP8266 interface with SJOne

The WiFi module(ESP8266) is interfaced with the SJOne board(ARM microcontroller) using UART3 bus. Pin number p4.28 and p4.29 is used as RX and TX respectively.

SIM808 GPS Module Interface with SJOne

The SIM808 module is interfaced with SJOne using UART protocol. The Transmit and Receive pins of the GPS module are connected to UART2 of SJOne. RX pin of GPS is connected to pin P2.8 of SJOne board (TX) and TX pin of GPS is connected to pin P2.9 of SJOne (RX).

Software Design & Implementation

Client

On the Client side, SJOne(ARM Cortex-M3) is interfaced with the sensors(temperature, light, latitude, longitude, time etc). It collects the data from sensors at regular interval and sends the received data to the server over WiFi.

The client software is written on FreeRTOS using C/C++, including features of real-time embedded system.which is implemented using two tasks

sensorTask

This task takes sensor readings at regular intervals (3 milliseconds) (light, temperature, time, latitude, longitude, and time) and stores in a structure
And then calls the semaphoregive API which signals the high priority WiFi task.


wifitask (High priority task than sensor task)

In the initialization it configures the ESP8266 for WiFi communication and connects to a predefined WiFi network and the server.
Then it waits for the semaphore from sensor task. Once signaled by sensor task, sends the data to the server.


Pseudo code for client

sensorTask() {

readSensorData();
xSemaphoreGive();
delay();

}

wifiTask() {

xSemaphoreTake();
sendData();

}

main() {

xSemaphoreCreateBinary();
addtask(sensorTask, medium_priority);
addtask(wifiTask, high_priority);
start_scheduler();

}

Server

Raspberry pi is used as TCP and web server. TCP server listens for client connection request, once connected, the reads the data and stores it into MySQL database. Then web server reads the latest sensor values from the database and displays on the web page. Environmet setup requires installation of apache,mysql and php on the board.

These commands can be used for installation

sudo apt-get install apache2 -y
sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5 -y
sudo apt-get install php5-mysql

For Wifi network setup

pi@raspberrypi: sudo vim /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

And then put your ssid and password as follows

network={

ssid="your_ssid"
psk="password"

}


There are two moduels on server side

TCP server

TCP server connects to TCP client, receives the data and stores into the database.
It is written in C. It uses TCP socket to accept client requests and receive the sensor data.

Web server

Web server reads data from database and display on the web page. It is written in PHP.


Pseudo code for server

main() {

createsocket(socket);
bind(socket);
listen(socket);
accept(socket);
readData(socket);
insertDataMysqlDatabase();

}

Testing & Technical Challenges

  • First and very important step in any project is requirement gathering.
  • A good amount of time should be spent on Software and Hardware design. Once the on paper design is ready it makes the development phase very smooth.
  • Once the development is done testing (individual and as a whole system ) also very important.
  • Wifi client module can be tested usb to serial cable with PC. From PC terminal we can give the AT commands and check the responses. Further testing requires a TCP server, which can respond to the requests. This can be implemented using Hercules utility.
  • GPS module can also be tested in the same manner using usb to serial cable with PC. From PC terminal we can give the AT commands and check the responses.

Issues

  1. LPC17xx UART Rx FIFO
LPC17xx UART not able to receive more than 16 bytes
Resolution :
Used interupt to solve this problem.

Conclusion

Working on this project has helped us learn many concepts:

  • Setting up TCP server-clients
  • Interfacing sensors using UART
  • Configuration of Interrupts
  • Understanding WiFi technology
  • Making use of AT commands
  • Socket Programming

Project Video

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Project Source Code

Visit this link Sourceforge

References

Acknowledgement

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References Used

Appendix

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